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limiting factor
A limiting factor in a system is an input or variable such that a small change in it from the present value would cause a non-negligible change in an output or other measure of the system. A factor which is not limiting over a certain domain of starting conditions may yet be limiting over another domain of starting conditions, including that of the factor in question.
The identification of a factor as limiting is of use only in distinction to one or more other factors which is/are non-limiting. Disciplines differ in their use of the term as to whether they allow the simultaneous existence of more than one limiting factor (which may then be called "co-limiting"), but they all require the existence of at least one non-limiting factor when the terms are used. When all factors are limiting, none are.
==In chemical reactions==
(詳細はchemical reactions to produce a chemical product, one of the reagents may be consumed by the reaction before the others. The amount of product will be limited by the supply of this reagent. The theoretical yield of the reaction is determined by this limiting factor.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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